Building on almost two decades of Nepal’s successful community-based forest management program, the country’s ER program delivers forest conservation results and emission reductions at scale by addressing the pressures and threats to forests across the program area. The program’s interventions include improving the management practices on existing community forests building on traditional and customary practices; localizing forest governance through the transfer of national forests to community and collaborative forest user groups; expanding private sector forestry through improved access to extension services and finance; expanding access to alternative energy with biogas and improved cookstoves; scaling up pro-poor leasehold forestry; improving integrated land use planning to reduce forest conversion associated with advancing infrastructure development; and strengthening the management of protected areas.