Madagascar’s ER program builds on the country’s Integrated Agriculture Landscape Program aimed at increasing agricultural productivity and reducing rural poverty while improving soil quality, conserving water resources, and protecting vital forests and biodiversity. The program follows a landscape approach that addresses the direct and indirect causes of deforestation and degradation including important watersheds. The program also reinforces conservation and community forest management and builds on forest-friendly agroforestry value chains, such as vanilla and cloves. The program includes a number of protected areas, reinforcing their important place in the landscapes. The government of Madagascar is finalizing the final steps to ensure effective and secure transfer of funds to beneficiaries.